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48 pages 1 hour read

Doubt: A Parable

Fiction | Play | Adult | Published in 2005

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Scenes 7-9Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Scene 7 Summary

A quick meeting between Sister James and Father Flynn in the garden, this scene showcases Sister James’s discomfort with darkness, and her desire for normalcy and simplicity. She begins by saying she can’t sleep, as she has had a dream where she looked in a mirror and saw darkness instead of a face. Father Flynn says he, too, loses sleep sometimes. Sister James asks if his sermon was about a specific person, to which he responds, “What do you think?” (38). Sister James mentions that her brother is sick before Father Flynn asks after Donald Muller. She says that though she sees Donald every day, she feels like she doesn’t know how he is doing, as she is no longer sure how to judge these things.

 

Father Flynn then mentions that Sister James has not come to him for confession, which he takes as a sign of her being against him. She denies that, but denies being convinced of his innocence as well, and insists that it is Sister Aloysius, her superior, who must be convinced of Father Flynn’s innocence. Sister James continues to insist that she wishes she knew nothing about their debate. Father Flynn continues to assert his innocence, and says that he hasn’t had Sister Aloysius removed for her baseless accusations only to avoid tearing apart the school. Sister James maintains that Sister Aloysius is just trying to protect Donald, which Father Flynn disputes, saying that he is the one that cares. He accuses the principal of being a block of ice when children need warmth, and says that Donald was drinking altar wine because he’s in trouble, and needs his superiors to be warm and compassionate. Sister Aloysius, he says, is among those who “go after your humanity” (41), and asks if Sister James has found Sister Aloysius to be a positive influence, which she denies. She says she that in fact the principal has taken her joy of teaching away; after crying a bit, Sister James finally says that she believes Father Flynn.

Scene 8 Summary

The eighth scene shows a meeting between Sister Aloysius and Donald Muller’s mother. Sister Aloysius asks how Donald is doing, and Mrs. Muller explains that he is doing well, but was upset by being removed as an altar boy. She also says that his father beat him for it, which Sister Aloysius says he shouldn’t have done. Mrs. Muller argues that Sister Aloysius shouldn’t tell her what to do, and that Donald’s father was afraid of his child attending the school for fear of trouble with the white students. That trouble hasn’t come, Mrs. Muller says, in part because of Father Flynn’s protection. She says that Donald only needs to make it until the end of the school year, when he can transfer to a good high school and have a chance at college.

 

Sister Aloysius finally tells Mrs. Muller that she’s concerned about the relationship between Donald and Father Flynn. Mrs. Muller asks if there’s evidence, and when told there isn’t, says that she’d prefer not to believe that anything untoward is going on, and accuses Sister Aloysius of being “on the march” (46). Mrs. Muller also insists that if anything is going on, the priest should be held responsible, and not Donald. When Sister Aloysius tells her that she believes Father Flynn gave Donald the wine, again Mrs. Muller asks why Donald was punished and not Father Flynn, eventually saying “You’re not going against no man in a robe and win, Sister. He’s got the position” (47).

 

Mrs. Muller, however, refuses to pursue any action, saying that even if there is something going on, it’s just until June and that Donald “doesn’t need additional difficulties” (47-48). When pressed, she says that her son is “that way” (implying that he is gay) and maybe “[wants] to get caught” by Father Flynn (48). She continues, saying that Donald came to this school because he was in physical danger in public school, his father beats him, and now the kids here don’t like him. “One man is good to him,” she says, “This priest…My son needs some man to care about him and see him through to where he wants to go. And thank God, this educated man with some kindness in him wants to do just that” (49).

 

Sister Aloysius threatens to throw Donald out of the school, but Mrs. Muller continues to insist that she leave him out of it, saying that her husband “would kill that child over a thing like this” (49). She leaves, and Father Flynn enters.

 

Father Flynn presses Sister Aloysius to “stop this campaign” against him (50), while she presses him to confess and resign. Father Flynn continues to insist that he is innocent, and that Sister Aloysius has had it in for him because of his progressive ways. Sister Aloysius tells him that her suspicions began on the first day of the school year, when Father Flynn touched William London’s wrist, and the boy pulled away.

 

Sister Aloysius says she called a nun at his former parish, which Father Flynn insists is not the “proper route” (53). He continues to say that she has no proof, but she says she has her certainty, and will not stop digging into his past until she has been proven correct. She insists that he transfer parishes, and take a leave of absence until the transfer is complete. The scene concludes with Father Flynn calling the bishop.

Scene 9 Summary

The short final scene occurs in the garden between Sister Aloysius and Sister James. They establish that Father Flynn is gone, transferred to St. Jerome’s. Sister James says that Donald Muller is heartbroken, but Sister Aloysius borrows his mother’s phrase, saying it’s “just till June” (57). Sister James continues to believe that he did nothing wrong, and asks Sister Aloysius if she ever found any proof. She says she did not, but has her own certainty. Sister James says she can’t sleep anymore, that everything is uncertain, and Sister Aloysius retorts, “Maybe we’re not supposed to sleep so well” (58).

 

Father Flynn, in his transfer, has been promoted to pastor at St. Jerome Church and School. Though Sister Aloysius told Monsignor Benedict what she believed had happened between Donald and Father Flynn, the Monsignor did not believe it. When Sister James asks why Father Flynn left if he was not forced to, Sister Aloysius tells her that it was because she told Father Flynn that she had called a nun at his previous parish—but she confesses to Sister James that she lied about having made that call. Still, she says, if he hadn’t had a history, that threat would not have driven him to leave. However, the play concludes with Sister Aloysius “bent with emotion” (58), crying out: “I have doubts! I have such doubts!” (58).

Scenes 7-9 Analysis

Scene 7 cements Sister James’s desire to believe Father Flynn and recapture her old innocence. Depending on how one reads their dialogue, it could either be an honest and open conversation or a careful manipulation by Father Flynn of Sister James’s feelings. He clearly, in any case, endeavors to steer her away from complicity in the accusations against him by pitting her against Sister Aloysius. He paints the principal as paranoid, and endangering the children with her lack of compassion. He furthers presses his advantage by threatening Sister James’s place, though he backs off. His grand emotional plea against Sister Aloysius is summed up when he says, “it’s an old tactic of cruel people to kill kindness in the name of virtue” (41). Sister Aloysius, cruel and stiff, threatens to steal the humanity away from Sister James and the school, and to spoil the younger nun’s innocence and closeness to God. At that plea, she rejects the suspicions against Father Flynn.

 

Scene 8’s meeting between Sister Aloysius and Mrs. Muller is a heartbreaking analysis of two women trapped by circumstance, neither able to take direct action to care for Donald. Sister Aloysius attempts to press Mrs. Muller into validating her suspicions, but Mrs. Muller only wants to think about the long-term good this school will do for Donald. She exists in willful ignorance, accusing Sister Aloysius of being “on the march” (46), and “forcing people to say these things out loud” (48). Even when confronted with the possibility of abuse, Mrs. Muller sees a grayer moral choice. She suspects that her son is gay and would get beaten to death in another school, or even by his father if word of his relationship with a man got out. To her, Father Flynn is compassionate and cares for Donald; since there’s no good situation for her son, that will have to do. Sister Aloysius doesn’t have patience for such moral whitewashing, though they share a commonality in believing the ends justify the means. For Sister Aloysius, the end means Father Flynn’s departure at all costs, even that of her soul.

 

In the final confrontation between Sister Aloysius and Father Flynn, she finally confesses that her initial suspicion comes down to a single touch she noted at the beginning of the year. Her entire crusade has been based on this single moment of reading body language between an adolescent and a priest. Though this is flimsy evidence, instead of backing down, she digs even deeper, telling what turns out to be a lie about contacting his former parish. This exemplifies the moment Shanley highlights in his preface where one “[defends] a way of life [one was] on the verge of exhausting” and “[feels] the faint nausea of eroding conviction” right after asserting something with total certainty (viii). This is that moment for Sister Aloysius—where her feelings of doubt and suspicion are boiled down to having witnessed one fleeting moment, and she digs in her heels even though it’s unclear that she is completely convinced in her own argument. In fact, readers learn she is not in the final scene, when she concludes the play by exclaiming her doubt. 

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