46 pages • 1 hour read
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Sabbath ventures out into New York City and feels pursued by “the-desire-to-not-be-alive-any-longer” (191). As he rides the subway, he and this desire write his obituary. In his obituary, he mentions his obscenity trial and even hints that he killed Nikki. He descends into unstructured thoughts, letting his mind wander and imagining different versions of Nikki. He gets coffee and remembers a happy summer he spent on the Jersey Shore as a child before Morty went to war. Once, when a poor man came up to ask him for money, Sabbath thought that he was holding a knife and stomped on his foot, discovering that it was an erection. Someone drops a quarter in Sabbath’s cup of coffee and though he is at first angered, he eventually becomes a street performer again, reciting King Lear on the subway. As he does so, he thinks back to how he lost his job.
In the fall of 1989, Kathy Goolsbee, a student Sabbath was sexually involved with, left a tape of their sexual phone call in the university library bathroom. Kathy’s tape was discovered, and before it landed on the dean’s desk, a copy was made and a group called Women Against Sexual Abuse, Belittlement, Battering, and Telephone Harassment (SABBATH) played the recording continuously on a new phone line. In the aftermath of the scandal, Sabbath picked Kathy up in his car and she sobbed, telling him it was an accident and that she still wanted to be with him. Sabbath was exhausted, having just driven Roseanna—who was crushed by the scandal—to rehab.
Kathy continued to push, and Sabbath, thinking of how she was pursuing her father through him, threatened to kill her. He told Kathy that he had killed his first wife, Nikki, while rehearsing for Othello: During the strangling scene, Sabbath had been so wrapped up in her acting that he’d killed her. He asked Kathy if she would turn him in, expecting that she was taping him, and she got out of the car and walked away. As he watched her, he wondered if he’d let go of his last chance to sleep with a young woman.
Two weeks into her rehab program, Sabbath went to see Roseanna and deliver the binder she’d requested. On the way to the facility, he stopped at a diner and read through it. It was filled with letters her father had written her from when she left him until he died by suicide. At the rehab center, Roseanna looked and sounded happier and healthier, though she still fervently despised him. In her room, Roseanna told Sabbath of her anxiety over sharing her story about her father with her group, which she had written in the notebook at her desk. While Roseanna attended AA with the binder, Sabbath sat in her room and read her story, learning that she blamed her father, not him, for her drinking. Roseanna lamented that she’d had to take care of him and heavily implied that he had sexually abused her. Before Roseanna returned, Sabbath wrote a letter, pretending to be her father in hell, blaming her for her own life. When Roseanna did not return after AA, Sabbath went looking for her and was sent from one building to another. At a nurse’s station, he spoke with a patient and began betting on other patients’ vital signs as the nurses checked them.
The last patient to come in was Madeline, a fragile young woman who caught Sabbath’s eye. Sabbath convinced Madeline to walk him to the next building even though she wasn’t supposed to. She explained that she had recently attempted to die by suicide because she’d lost faith in there being a purpose in life. Sabbath convinced her to do sexual favors in exchange for a quart of vodka. He drove into town for the vodka but couldn’t find her when he returned and was soon escorted off the premises by guards. His actions endangered Roseanna’s status, as they believed she’d asked him to bring her alcohol. Sabbath drove home, taking a detour to Drenka’s, though it was late and she would not come with him.
Back on the train in New York, Sabbath loses the trail of King Lear and stops reciting. He thinks back to the kindness and helpful nature of Morty and reflects on how his death broke his mother and his strong father, and made Sabbath feel as though he’d lost a part of himself. The pain was so severe that even after the notice of death came, Sabbath didn’t tell anyone for a while. On the train, a young girl feeds him the next line. Sabbath continues to recite the play, and looking at her, he thinks of Nikki, becoming convinced that this girl must be Nikki’s daughter. He asks her who her mother is, begging to know where Nikki is hiding and even grabbing her face before being pulled off. They arrive in Grand Central and she flees, with Sabbath realizing that his collapse may be very real.
Michelle, Norman’s wife, gets Sabbath arthritis medication, and that night, they all share a pleasant dinner after Linc’s funeral. Sabbath thinks about beginning an affair with Michelle and touches her feet with his own throughout dinner, meeting no resistance. She laughs often, and he hears in her laughter her struggles with aging and her crumbling marriage. Norman asks Sabbath to recount his arrest and obscenity charges for Michelle. Sabbath explains that while he was performing outside Columbia University in 1956, he unbuttoned a girl’s blouse and managed to expose her breast. A police officer stepped in and said that he couldn’t do that because children were around, though there were none. The girl, Helen Trumball, defended Sabbath and said that she’d let him do it, but the police officer brought him in for obscenity and obstruction of justice. The case went to trial and Linc and Norman helped him secure an ACLU lawyer under the guise of protecting freedom of art. The prosecutor came up with many witnesses who all claimed that children had seen the act. The judge declared disorderly conduct and obscenity but suspended the sentence and fined Sabbath $100 when he agreed not to do the act again.
Sabbath continues playing with Michelle’s feet under the table and finds that she is obsessed with the story and even associates Helen with her daughter, Deborah. After dinner, Norman gives Sabbath the newspaper before going to bed. There is an article about Japan that sets Sabbath off on a racist tangent, stemming from unresolved anger over Morty’s death in World War II. Later, Michelle comes to give him some additional medicine and to collect his dirty clothes. Sabbath is taken with her kimono and they discuss his past with Linc and Norman before he tells her that he killed Nikki. She ignores his admission, and Sabbath tries to initiate sex by inviting her in.
Michelle asks Sabbath why he was playing with Norman’s feet during dinner. Sabbath is shocked and Michelle tells him that Norman let him do it because he fears Sabbath is having a breakdown. Michelle, a periodontist, resists Sabbath’s advances but there is a mutual attraction, and they make plans to meet at her office for a dental cleaning on Saturday. This gives Sabbath new drive and a will to stay alive for a while longer, though he considers stealing something sharp from her office if their meeting does not work out. He hopes that she will be his new Drenka.
The next morning, Sabbath, excited to be back on track with a mistress, is surprised to find Michelle gone and Norman waiting for him in the kitchen. Norman tells him that he must leave, as they found a bag of crack and Deborah’s panties in his dirty clothes. Sabbath bought the crack as a joke and had forgotten about the panties. He is shocked that Michelle changed her mind about him, believing that finding her daughter’s panties would excite her. Sabbath tells Norman that he and Michelle planned to have sex to try and break him, but he realizes that Norman enjoys living a normal life with the security of a family.
Norman asks Sabbath why he told Michelle he killed Nikki, and Sabbath insists it is the truth. Norman calls him out of date and accuses him of living in the past. When Norman gives Sabbath his coat, he finds the cup of change from the day before and realizes that the prospect of being with a beggar was what truly scared Michelle off, and he forgives her. Realizing that he’s lost his last chance at a mistress, he faints.
Sabbath wakes up in Norman and Michelle’s bed and hears Norman on the phone with his psychiatrist, trying to find a bed in a facility for Sabbath. Wanting to protect his friend, he swaps the money and naked pictures of Michelle with his change cup and sneaks out. He does not know what Michelle intends with the pictures and money but doesn’t want to give her the chance to hurt Norman with them. Sabbath decides to head for his first home, the Jersey Shore, and plan his funeral.
As Sabbath contends with The Stress of Aging, one of the primary challenges he encounters is the change in his body’s response to desire. As he gets older, he finds it more and more difficult to experience a genuine physical attraction to anyone who is not Drenka. This results in frustration but also new discoveries. When he meets a young woman at Roseanna’s rehabilitation facility, he finds himself attracted to her despite her having a physical appearance he would not usually notice:
Whatever had denied her a woman’s breast and a woman’s face had made compensation of sorts by charging her mind with erotic significance […] A sensual promise that permeated her intelligence disarranged pleasantly his hard-on’s timeworn hopes (291).
Sabbath finds her fascinating because she sees life as meaningless and wants to die, and is pleased to discover that his intellectual attraction to her provokes a physical response. He begins to understand that while aging can change the body’s ability, there are ways to circumnavigate it.
The novel continues to explore The Power of Loss and Grief as Sabbath contends with his brother’s death and what it means to lose such an important person at such a young age. He and Morty shared a close relationship in their childhood, and Morty’s kindness and guidance helped make Sabbath the person he is as an adult. At the same time, Morty’s death irrevocably changed Sabbath’s life: “I felt I lost a part of my body. Not my prick, no, can’t say a leg, an arm, but a feeling that was physiological and yet an interior loss. A hollowing out, as though I’d been worked on with a chisel” (298). Here Sabbath describes feeling as though a part of his identity died with his brother, never to be recovered, and his sense of “interior loss” does not leave him, even decades after the tragedy. His brother’s death also robs him of his parents, who, reeling from grief, withdraw into themselves, making them unavailable to the grieving and vulnerable young Sabbath. This early experience with loss changes the trajectory of his life, driving him to leave his family and pursue a life of sexual adventure and abandon at sea.
When Sabbath loses Drenka, his partner in the pursuit of desire, he attempts to use Desire as a Guiding Force to resurrect himself and reestablish his life. Sabbath believes that if he can begin an affair with Michelle, he can recapture the hunger for life that he shared with Drenka. When Michelle visits him at night, he feels an intense desire and he realizes how desperately he wants his life of sexual adventure back: “Seeing Michelle so enthrallingly kimono’d, his schmutzig clothes balled up under her arm […] he knew he could kill for her. Kill Norman. Push him out the fucking window” (330). Sabbath is fully in the grips of desire at this moment, and he recognizes that he will do whatever it takes to get what he wants, even murder a friend who welcomed him into his home in a time of need. While pursuing his desires brought him closer to Drenka, it sometimes has more destructive consequences. Sabbath realizes that Michelle’s ruthless pursuit of her own desires makes her a danger to her husband, so, to protect Norman, he absconds with her money and photos.
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By Philip Roth