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41 pages 1 hour read

Transcendent Kingdom

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Chapters 19-27Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 19 Summary

Gifty talks about how in college she took a class on the poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, but she did not feel the same passion for his poetry as her teacher. However, she sympathized with what she describes as “his difficulty reconciling his religion with his desires and thoughts, his repressed sexuality” (139).

She also discusses her brother’s relationship to Christianity. This is defined, in her eyes, by one incident in Sunday school with a pastor called Tom. Tom tries to make Christianity “hip” and appealing to young people. When Nana asks whether people in an African village who had never heard of Jesus would still be consigned to hell, he is dismissive. He responds by saying that God would find a way to make them know Jesus. He adds that if, hypothetically, they had nevertheless not heard the word of Christ, then they would go to hell. This interaction ends Nana’s interest in Christianity.

Chapter 20 Summary

This short chapter consists of two more of Gifty’s journal entries addressed to God. The first asks God whether Nana’s contention that Christianity is a cult started over a thousand years ago is true. The second says, “Dear God / Would you show me that you’re real” (147)?

Chapter 21 Summary

Gifty returns home from work to find her mother cooking fried plantains. She criticizes Gifty for not being able to cook for herself, but Gifty is just happy that her mother is out of bed and active. The smell of oil reminds her of an incident from her childhood, when her mother was throwing a party for the Ghanaian association, composed of nearby immigrants from Ghana. This was after the Chin Chin Man left. Following a food fight with the other children at the party, Nana puts his foot through a loose nail on the couch. The other parents encourage their mother to pour hot oil on the wound to prevent tetanus, although he has already been immunized.

Chapter 22 Summary

Gifty tells Han, in a conversation in the laboratory, that her brother died earlier in her life. However, she does not mention the cause of his death. As she says, “I would have been embarrassed to talk about Nana’s addiction with Han” (158). This event prompts Gifty to reminisce about another stage in her brother’s life, after Nana tries out for the basketball team. He excels on the team, and their mother buys a hoop for the garage outside their house so that Nana can practice shots. Beside the hoop, Nana reveals he no longer cares what their father thinks.

Chapter 23 Summary

Gifty asks herself, “what’s the point” (175)? She reflects on the reason for her experiments on mice, and particularly on the mouse that has become severely addicted to Ensure. It has pressed the lever, which dispenses both the supplement and a random shock, so many times that it has developed a psycho-somatic limp. Gifty suggests that the ability to ask the question “why” is what separates human beings from animals and is the spur for philosophy, science, and religion.

Chapter 24 Summary

Gifty discusses a 2014 study that compared schizophrenics in Ghana and India with schizophrenics in the United States. In the former cases, the voices were experienced as more positive and less intrusive than in the latter. The American participants “described experiences of being bombarded by harsh, hate filled voices” (177).

Gifty connects this contrast to her mother’s belief in ghosts and to her claims that she experienced a benign ghost when staying with her cousin when first in America. Her mother also starts to respond positively to being touched and stroked by Gifty before she goes to work.

Chapter 25 Summary

Gifty buys a bible for her mother to read and leaves it by her bed, but her mother does not touch it. Gifty recalls how she used to memorize bible verses as a girl. She also remembers how she was proud of her journal since she had heard that “the word” was connected to God in the bible. Pastor Tom, however, informs them in one sermon that “the word” in scripture does not literally mean “word” but, as a translation from “logos” in Greek, something closer to “premise” or “question.” Gifty is disappointed to discover this but changes the nature of her journal entries accordingly. They go from being mere retellings of daily events to more philosophical meditations about things that she does not understand.

Chapter 26 Summary

When Gifty is a teenager, several girls in her church become pregnant. In response, the church holds an intervention in which the girls are given a day of lectures on the virtues of chastity and the dangers of sex before marriage. The talks involve scare tactics, including pictures of genitalia affected with sexually transmitted diseases. This experience has the effect of putting Gifty off sex until she gets to college. In addition to this recollection, Gifty also recalls befriending a woman called Anne, who was very open about sex.

Chapter 27 Summary

When Gifty is nine, her brother’s basketball playing is going from strength to strength, and he is permitted to miss church because of this success. He is being scouted by many top universities for a sports scholarship and is in the process of deciding which one to choose. However, in a relatively unimportant match, Nana is injured. He is taken to the emergency room, where it is discovered that he has torn ligaments in his ankle. The doctor prescribes him OxyContin, an opioid-based painkiller, and says he will have to miss a few games. No one suspects at the time that this is the beginning of a tragic demise.

Chapters 19-27 Analysis

One day in the lab, Gifty inadvertently reveals to Han that she had a brother who died. However, she shrinks from saying more. As she puts it, “I wanted to remain who I was to him, without coloring our relationship with stories of my personal life” (158). By her standards she has been candid. There is also a subtle form of understanding between them, in so far as Han recognizes that she does not want to push the topic any further. Nevertheless, this interaction is symptomatic of communication problems that have plagued Gifty’s life. In childhood she is shy, unable to discuss her feelings. In adolescence and adulthood, following the trauma of Nana’s death, she becomes even more secretive and reserved.

This reticence has alienated her from many people in her life. She has stilted phone conversations with her father in Ghana and therefore never comes to understand him. Unable to discuss why he left, she is also unable to come to terms with his leaving. More significantly, she struggles to understand her brother. While they are close to each other as children, those years when he is hooked on opioids are opaque to her. As she says, “For a copy of Nana’s thoughts, from birth to death, bound in book form, I would give absolutely anything” (166). She is desperate to grasp why, with such a promising future, he became an addict, yet in those crucial final years, the link between them broke down. Her very intellectualization of the problem—her desire for a “book” on him—exposes the overly theoretical attitude that hampered her ability to talk to him.

Likewise, with her mother, there is a reciprocal inability to discuss anything, let alone the past. However, there is also hope. Gifty and her mother strike up a tentative connection through non-verbal communication. For example, her mother one day decides to cook for her. As Gifty notes, afterwards “the two of us ate in silence” (155), but the shared experience of working in the kitchen together, and the memories of her cooking, help kindle a process of bonding. Gifty also realizes she can communicate with her mother through the medium of touch. As she says, “I would sit with her for a while and brush my hand along whatever portion of skin went uncovered by the blanket” (180). In this simple gesture she is able to share a concern and love that she cannot explicitly speak out loud.

At the same time, Gifty and her mother both engage in substitutive forms of communication. That is, they pursue connections with non-human beings as substitutes for human interaction. Gifty’s mother, for example, imagines that she interacts with a ghost. In the first months of her time in America, when staying with her cousin, she is visited by a benign spirit who keeps her company and plays “little tricks” on her. Amidst the loneliness and sexual frustration of her initial time there, when her cousin is mostly at work and her husband still in Ghana, the ghost is a welcome companion. Then there is God. When Gifty’s mother finds the church in Alabama, she has not simply found a community to join. She is also able to assuage her loneliness by connecting with God’s voice.

Gifty’s journal serves a similar function. Struggling either to make friends or to talk with her emotionally repressed mother, Gifty finds solace in the idea that God listens to her questions. While Gifty’s epistolary relation with God is more cerebral than her mother’s, it offers a similar way to work through feelings in the absence of real human interactions. However, this process not without its problems. Doubtless, these types of non-human, non-present, relationships may be psychologically expedient. In Gifty, her journal and questioning help develop an intellectual acuity that allows her to later excel in science. However, her obsession with first her journal then her studies also promotes a certain solipsism. Neither God nor the mice she looks after in her lab can answer back. Spending too much time with either may hinder the development of human relationships, which depend upon compromise and dialogue, rather than monologues. Moreover, they allow for a dislocation from reality. Belief in ghosts, or a God that we literally speak with, may allow us to evade the real isolation and suffering that is part of life. In this way, they rob us of the agency to understand or overcome what is troubling and painful in our existence.

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